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Bad diet, fat linked to postmenopausal breast cancer cases, study finds

February 06, 2016

Over half of breast cancer cases (53.5%) diagnosed after the menopause could be avoided though appropriate changes in behaviour. – AFP/Relaxnews pic, February 6, 2016.A French study carried out at the Insistut Gustave Roussy in Villejuif and published in the International Journal of Cancer has found that half of postmenopausal breast cancer cases can be attributed to behavioural factors, such as poor diet, alcohol consumption and being overweight.

The research showed that more than half (53.5%) of breast cancer cases diagnosed after menopause could have been avoided through changes in behaviour at this stage of life.

Postmenopausal women could reduce the risk of developing breast cancer by 50% by eating a healthy, balanced diet, limiting alcohol to one glass per day and maintaining a healthy weight (a body mass index equal to or lower than 25kg/sq m), a new study has found.

A team of researchers from Inserm – France's public institute of health and medical research – found that these so-called "behavioural" risk factors contributed to the development of breast cancer after menopause.

In other words, women could considerably reduce their chances of developing the disease by making suitable lifestyle choices during this stage of life.

Other risk factors include hormone replacement therapies (HRT) used after menopause. However, the scientists pointed out that HRT drugs are now much less widely used and that their composition has changed since they were first introduced.

The study followed 67,634 French women aged 42 to 72 years old for 15 years. During that time, 497 women were diagnosed with breast cancer before menopause and 3,138 were diagnosed with breast cancer after menopause.

"Before menopause, breast cancer cases are 61.2% attributable to non-behavioural risk factors and only 39.9% attributable to behavioural factors. Statistically, cases of breast cancer diagnosed before menopause cannot be attributed to any behavioural factor taken in isolation," said Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, research director at Inserm.

However, she adds, "after menopause, more than half (53.5%) of cancer diagnoses could have been avoided through appropriately modified behaviour".

The findings suggest that preventing the kind of behaviour associated with increased risk could lead to a reduction in the number of breast cancer diagnoses in postmenopausal women. – AFP/Relaxnews, February 6, 2016.